Country     Belarus Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Finland Germany Greece Ireland Italy Latvia Luxembourg Norway Poland Portugal Romania Slovenia Sweden Switzerland The Netherlands
Year     2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005
Definition Working group definition 1a         X       X 19)    27)  X X X X   X X     X X
National criteria 1b   X X X 4)    X X X   X 28)          X   38)    X X    
Number of museums according to type of collection total 2a   134 2)  229 189 3)  419 258 328 14)  6.155 176 20)  258 29)  424 31)  131 41 188 37)  690 583 39)  742 164 201 948 775
of which 2b Art, archaeology and history museums 115 140 58 5)  58 242 131 1.026 176   424   13 125 211 215 333 112   288 498
  2c Science and technology museums, ethnology museums 11 20 19 5)  2 15 43   18)          14 27 170 155 175 37   593 265
  2d Other museums 8 69 112 5)  359   154 5.129         14 36 309 213 342 6   167 12
Ownership state-owned museums 3a Total 15   31 31   37 478 176 21)    424 36 12 19 57 361 40)    30 41 15   47) 
local-, regional-owned museums 3b Total 119   134 302   202 2.515       88 19 33 488     72 114 155 116
other public-owned museums 3c Total 1.000   23 37     431         5 135       14 47 112 597
private-owned museums 3d Total 2   1 49   89 2.731       7 5 1 113 222 57 48   101 62
  3e Of which
ppp		             208             47            
Management state-managed museums 4a Total 15   31 31   37   176 11 417 36 3 19 57     30 41 16   48) 
local-, regional-managed museums 4b Total 119   134 302   202     25 4 88 8 33 488     72 114 272 116
other public-managed museums 4c Total 1.000   23 37         7 1   2 135       14 47 69 597
private-managed museums 4d Total 2   1 49   89     49 2 7 28 1 113   57 48   110 62
  4e Of which
ppp		                 8 2                 130  
Ownership of permanent collection Public ≤ 50% 5a             89           23         48   206  
Public > 50% 5b   134 229       239   176       18         30   175  
Number of visits Total 6a   3.625.512 3.925.178 2.256.250 9.132.390 9.925.712 4.340.172 101.406.806 4.690.955 22)    33.048.137 2.074.510 337.167 9.060.639 18.488.000 7.107.638 41)  27.111.604 2.284.350 19.260.000 6.696.417 19.648.000
Of which 6b free admissions
Total		       1.861.613   1.650.607   1.142.380 23)    17.518.382   125.272 4.328.906     667.804 1.457.418 13.682.000   3.801.000
  6c free admissions
%		       20,40   38,00   24,30   53,00   37,10 47,80     26,52 63,80 71,00   31,00
  6d foreigners
Total		   971.747                 192.209 151.725       225.396       4.711.000
  6e foreigners
%		   24,80                 9,20         8,95       24,00
  6f temporary exhibitions
Total		                               1.729.000        
  6g temporary exhibitions
%		                                        
Staff Paid staff 7a Number
Total		 3.046 2.531 1.350 6)  5.493 51)          1.405 30)    1.987       3.255 42)  4.934 2.014 4.455 4.068 8.143
  7b Number
Of which
specialised		 1.139 1.589 878 2.724 51)          250   846       1.734 42)  2.946 1.141 2.128    
  7c FTES a year
Total		       5.493 51)    2.223             3.358     348     3.221.307 5.696
  7d FTES a year
Of which
specialised		       2.724,00 51)    927,00                            
Volunteers 7e Number
Total		           902     342               201   1.871 19.667
  7f Number
Of which
specialised		                 133                      
  7g FTES a year
Total		           19             175       2   153.026 2.679
  7h FTES a year
Of which
specialised		                                        
Admissions Total number of museums with paid admissions with a price of tickets (in EUR) 8a < 2,5,- 134         67 1.726 63 47 80 126 2 11     428   29 9 240
  8b 2,5 - 5,-           150 969 38   99 32)    24 71     8   66 115 343
  8c > 5,-           36 138 10   24 33)    2 87         49 73 89
Number of museums 8d with free entrance     165 7)      36 1.659 40   180 5 13 19     306   54 101 103
  8e with museum card               176   70 34)    13               364
Temporary exhibitions Total 9a   2.287 1.633 1.060 8)  3.729   1.182 9.364       1.253 61 1.028 3.058 199 43)    1.353 1.343 643 2.041
Of which 9b Own production 1.438 1.044   1.517   617                            
  9c Joined productions 849 589   2.212   219                            
Expenditure (of museums) Total (In EUR) 10a     11.875.613   9)  104.284.479 52)              14.641.619 21.022.362 36)          305.149.875     522.000.000
Of which 10b Ordinary expenditures
Total		           159.708.673         8.600.126 19.960.046 296.637.359       97.321.792 362.829.000    
  10c Ordinary expenditures
Of which
Staff		           79.628.128         5.998.563 12.083.726 152.460.967       179.097.740 179.942.950   246.000.000
  10d Extraordinary expenditures
Total		   517.041                 6.041.493 1.062.316                
  10e Extraordinary expenditures
Of which
for new Collections		   151.096                 267.236 900.658                
Income (of museums) Total (in EUR) 11a     12.466.555   105.534.694 52)    159.708.673       93.971.162 35)  15.095.311 22.005.957 305.619.572       310.798.958 358.108.407   527.000.000
Of which 11b Entry fees   1.764.066       8.706.640   25.547.800   93.971.162 1.473.303 513.244 23.063.755       31.789.041 19.754.176   72.000.000
  11c Public subsidies   9.637.127       120.987.690         9.917.383 20.292.275         249.608.500     340.000.000
Public expenditure (for museums) Total (in EUR) 12a     9.637.127   102.173.365 52)    120.987.690           27.320.251 203.013.702       305.149.875 243.742.143    
Of which 12b Investments       21.771.497 52)                10.895.500         12.630.166      
Number of museums making use of computers Total number of museums equipped with at least one computer 13a   100 154   247   165 16)            17 188   246 46)  347 164     651
Of which 13b for administrative purpose 100 140       165           17 188       164      
  13c for visitor's information purposes (e.g. interactive gallery system)   15   66               6         164      
  13d having a database for electronic inventory 57 80       136           6       115 164 173 235  
  13e having an Internet access 26 110   247   165   176 24)        12     210 46)  306 164     488
Information - Diffusion - Education Number of museums possessing a web-site 14 Total 15   105     157   168 25)        20       238   171 622 651
Number of museums possessing an own web-site 15a Total 15 74 69         2       11       148       566
  15b Of wich
are updating themselves their web-site		 10             2       8                
Number of museums 16a connected to a museum portal
Total		     189     157             188     238        
  16b connected to a museum portal
Of which
connected to more than one museum portal		                                        
  16c connected to (an)other portal(s) 10                                      
Number of museums with at least one special museum education programme 17a Total 134 95 120     93   28     81 18 166              
  17b Of which
for school children		 134 92       92   28       16 162   225 44)           
  17c Of which
for ethnic minorities		   12       15                            
  17d for senior citizens 5 34       24           6                
  17e for others 97 15       29   6 26)        12       44)           
Museums per 100.000 inhabitants
on working group definition		 18     3,00 4,30 4,10       1,50   0,70 5,70 11,80 4,10   5,50 45)  2,50 8,20 2,70   4,70
Museums per 100.000 inhabitants
on natioinal criteria		   19   1,30 3,00 4,30 4,10   6,20       0,70 5,70   4,10 1,81 2,50 45)  3,42 0,60 2,20 12,46 4,70
Visits per 100.000 inhabitants
including free entries		   20   35.526,00 50.714,00 50.816,00 89.000,00   82.591,00   42.353,00   56.529,00 90.408,00 76.709,00 196.698,00 48.525,00 67.375,00 45)  3.081,27 114.154,00 211.020,00 89.285,56 120.392,00
Visits per 100.000 inhabitants
excluding free entries		   21             51.181,00   32.039,00   26.564,00   48.208,00 102.722,00     8.534,47   61.074,00   97.188,00
Average number of visits per museum
according to working group definition		   22     17.141,00 17.906,00 10)  21.796,00       44.675,00   82.209,00 15.836,00 8.223,00 48.195,00     20.281,00       25.352,00
Average number of visits per museum
according to national criteria		   23   27.056,00 17.141,00 17.906,00 11)  21.796,00   13.735,00         15.836,00   48.195,00 26.794,00 26.422,00 45)  3.654,45 13.928,00 95.820,00 22.547,00 25.352,00
Staff per 100.000 inhabitants   24   30,00 32,70 19,77 12)  53,70 51)    42,30         86,60 57,50 73,40   35,60 45)  22,76 101,00   79,19 35,00
Expenditure per capita (in EUR)   25     1,50   10,20   30,40         6,38 47,80 64,40         49,00   32,00
Public Expenditure per 100.000 inhabitants (in EUR)   26     124.512,00   998.355,00   2.302.335,00 17)          638.090,25 6.215.660,00 4.407.245,00              
Number of museums opened 200 days and more a year   27   134.131 193 138 333   232   147   397 104 24 132   264 46)  742     150 527
Number of museums with more than 5.000 visits a year
including free entries		   28   100 116 64 228   195 2.201 64   275 69 13 159   163 46)  59   187 165 465
Number of museums necessary to reach 50 % of total visits (including free entries) 29a             32   7   9   4 17   14 46)        27 33
75 % of total visits (including free entries) 29b             82   16   34   10 50   46 46)        123 112
Number of museums employing at least 1 specialised staff 30   134 229 150 225 51)    165         107 6     269 46)      201 200  
Average price paid
(in EUR)		   31   0,40         33,00   2,80   6,05   3,63           1,00   3,29
Number of museums with at least one publication   32   100 101       95         83 12 107   224 46)  74        
Number of museums with at least one publication on an electronic data carrier   33   10 34                   3                
Museum participation
Source: Eurobarometer 1)		   34             37,50   136,00 24,50   32,00   45,00 21,00   10,00   52,00   32,20
Population
Source: Eurostat		   35   10.203.800 7.761.049 4.443.901 10.220.577 5.411.405 5.236.611 82.500.849 11.082.751 4.111.672 57.874.753 2.306.434 461.230 4.606.363 38.173.835 10.549.424 21.658.528 1.997.590 9.011.392 7.415.102 16.305.526
Density inhabitants/km²
Source: Eurostat		   36   17,00 69,70 78,50 132,50 125,70 17,20 230,90 84,90 61,20 196,40 36,90 179,90 15,20 122,10 114,50 94,10 99,30 22,00 185,90 483,10
Purchasing Power Parity in EUR
Source: Eurostat		   37     37,000 57,000 79,000 123,000 114,000 116,000 96,000 145,000 105,000 48,000 255,000 177,000 51,000 79,000 35,000 87,000 122,000 136,000 131,000


Blank spaces either imply that there is no data available or that the data is negligible or is equal to zero

-
nil or negligible
*
provisional or estimated statistical information
1) Eurostat surveys 2001 and 2003, if not otherwise indicated
2) only museums registered by Ministry of Culture of Belarus
3) Data are based mostly on the Register of Museums, Galleries and collections in RH and include sites (main museums, collections, galleries possessing holdings, archaeological sites, ...). The main criteria is: existence of museum holdings
4) Croatian Museum Act defines museum activities rather than museum itself
5) Not applicable: science and technology museums are split from ethnology museums; 2c – most of the "other" museums are complex/local history museums which can be included in 2b category where we have put only specialized art, archaeology and history museums
6) Estimation based on Statistical report for 2000 by State Institute of Statistics
7) Data from Annual Reports for 2001. All the museums open to public have free entrance for some categories of visitors (no museum-card is needed)
8) Estimation based on data from Museum Annual Reports for 2004 All the museums open to public have free entrance for some categories of visitors (no museum-card is needed)
9) Museums are funded by the Ministry of culture and local authorities and they are obliged to give financial reports to them. There is no institution that collects data on total income and expenditure(s) of all museums in Croatia.
10) Estimation based on Museum Annual Reports 2003
11) Estimation based on Museum Annual Reports 2005
12) Source: Central Bureau of Statistics – population – (estimation for 2004: 3.439.000 inhabitants); the figure refers to specialized staff only
13) The annual museum statistics cover 328 museum sites including 165 professionally-run museums
14) Finland: The 2005 annual museum statistics cover 165 professionally-run museums. All museum sites maintained by these museums are included.
15) Finland: All professionnally-run museums have at least one computer but not all museum sites
16) All professionally-run museums (165) but not all museum sites have at least one computer
17) Finland: Large public investments not included
18) This category is not applicable; in Germany Science and technology museums are split from ethnology museums
19) The museum definition suggested by the Working Group is a more general one, but still essentially in agreement with the respective provisions of the Greek Law, according to which, a museum is defined as “a service or an organization of non-profit character , with or without legal personality, which acquires, accepts, safeguards, conserves, records, documents, researches, interprets and primarily exhibits and promotes to the public collections of archaeological, artistic, ethnological or other material evidence of people and their environment, for purposes of study, education and enjoyment. As museums may also be considered services or organizations with similar objectives and functions, such as open-air museums”
20) The number given here represents solely the State Archeological Museums and Collections and includes 25 museums which were temporarily closed during 2005, due to works of extension, refurbishment etc.
21) Of which 147 were open 200 days and more in 2005
22) Total number of visits to 105 State Archaeological Museums & Collections, out of 151 in operation in 2005
23) Number of free admissions to 105 State Archaeological Museums & Collections, out of 151 in operation during 2005. Please note that free admissions are not counted at the major archaeological site & museum of the Acropolis, which is a very important museum to be disregarded in the final gathering of data; so the number of free admissions presented here, cannot be but an estimate.
24) With the exception of 8 museums which operate independently from the Ephorates of Antiquities, all other Archaeological Museums make use of the electronic facilities of the Ephorates they belong to.
25) The web sites of the Greek Archaeological & Byzantine Museums are presented and managed through the main server of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture “OΔΥΣΣΕΑΣ” (www.culture.gr)
26) People with disabilities
27) The definition currently being applied by the museum sector is the definition devised by the sector for the purposes of developing a national museum policy framework. This framework was developed by the Heritage Council in consultation with the sector. The definition is follows: “Museums are not for profit institutions that collect, safeguard, hold in trust, research, develop and interpret collections of original objects and original objects on loan, for the public benefit. They function publicly as places where people learn from and find inspiration and enjoyment through the display and research of original objects.
28) The National Museum of Ireland is under the ægis of the Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism and regularly advises the Minister concerning national museum issues. The Director of the National Museum of Ireland has a comprehensive range of legal powers and functions under Statute law which are relevant to the national museum’s operation in Ireland. There is statutory provision for the designation of museums in the ownership and control of local authorities under the terms of the National Cultural Institutions Act 1997. Curators may also be designed to carry out certain functions of the Director of the National Museum under the terms of the National Monuments Acts 1930 to 1994. The representative body for the museum sector in Ireland is the Irish Museums Association. The Heritage Council is (the only body) charged with proposing policy advice, providing advice and providing small-scale grant aid and funding to the sector. It operates an accreditation programme for Irish museums under its Museums Standards Programme: www.museumsireland.ie The Council of National Cultural Institutions was established in 1997 and includes the Heritage Council, The National Museum, The National Gallery, The Arts Council, The Irish Museum of Modern Art and the Crawford Arts Gallery (Cork) and the Chester Beatty Library, the National Theatre, National Concert Hall and National Library. The Local Authority Curators Group represents museum curators in this particular sector of the museum profession.
29) Referring to criteria sub 1a)
30) Number of full-staff is 1.724 including full-time, part-time, community employment schemes and voluntary workers
31) Italy: The data, collected by the Ministry of Culture, concern only the State-owned museums existing on Italian territory in 2005 (of which 402 opened).
32) Italy: 4 Museum cards equal to 12 Museums (Museum cards concerning those museums with an inclusive price (all-in).
33) Italy: 4 Museum cards equal to 13 Museums (Museum cards concerning those museums with an inclusive price (all-in).
34) Italy: The value concerns the number of museums with an inclusive price (all-in). In particular, in 2005 there are 34 circuits of museums, equal to 70 museums, and all the museums belonging to the same circuit are accessible with one price. Two state-owned museums are included in non-state-owned circuits.
35) Italy: The value concerns the gross-income of the 402 museums opened.
36) Data from 29 museums
37) Statistical data in this questionnaire are collected from 188 museums that were open to the public and hat at least one full-time employee in 2005. These188 museums are administrative units that consist of several sites. The number of museums is decreasing due to the Norwegian museum’ reform where small museums are merged into larger units.
38) Portugal: 269 museums on national criteria, fulfilling the following 5 criteria: 1) existence, at least, one exhibition room or space; 2) opening for visitors, permanently or seasonally; 3) museum employing at least 1 specialized employee (existence of, at least one curator or advanced technician; 4) existence of budget and 5) existence of inventory.
39) Portugal: Museums that had answered to the INE
40) The ownership and the management of the museum are almost the same
41) On national criteria, 269 museums are considered
42) Portugal: Data concerning FFE for part-time employers are not available. Based on national criteria (285 museums), data of columns 7a and 7b include 644 and 181 mostly full-time employees in 16 zoological gardens and aquarium (only 4 specialized and 3 non specialized part-part-workers). 3.580 full-time and 319 part-time employees (column 7a) and 1.818 full-time and 97 part-time employees (column 7b).
43) On national criteria: it reports to the museums that have organized temporary exhibitions and not the number of them
44) On national criteria: numbers refers to museums having organized in 2005 these specific activities and not the number of them
45) On national criteria (269 museums), 3.255 paid employees and 10.569.592 inhabitants in 2005
46) On national criteria
47) Approximately 25 museums are subsidized by the Ministry of Culture. They are foundations and therefore included in 3c. The collections as well as buildings of these museums are state property.
48) The Netherlands: Including all museums subsidized by the central government.
49) United Kingdom: The only data concerning year 2005, all the other data concern year 1999
50) Staff only in state-owned and local- and regional-owned museums
51) Czech Republic: Staff only in state-owned and local- and regional-owned museums
52) Czech Republic: Estimation